The Human Phenotype Ontology in 2024: phenotypes around the world.

The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) is a widely used resource that
comprehensively organizes and defines the phenotypic features of human
disease, enabling computational inference and supporting genomic and
phenotypic analyses through semantic similarity and machine learning
algorithms. The HPO has widespread applications in clinical diagnostics and
translational research, including genomic diagnostics, gene-disease
discovery, and cohort analytics. In recent years, groups around the world
have developed translations of the HPO from English to other languages, and
the HPO browser has been internationalized, allowing users to view HPO term
labels and in many cases synonyms and definitions in ten languages in
addition to English. Since our last report, a total of 2239 new HPO terms
and 49235 new HPO annotations were developed, many in collaboration with
external groups in the fields of psychiatry, arthrogryposis, immunology and
cardiology. The Medical Action Ontology (MAxO) is a new effort to model
treatments and other measures taken for clinical management. Finally, the
HPO consortium is contributing to efforts to integrate the HPO and the
GA4GH Phenopacket Schema into electronic health records (EHRs) with the
goal of more standardized and computable integration of rare disease data
in EHRs.